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Small Intestinal Fungal Overgrowth Mimicking a Surgical Abdomen and Presenting as Bowel Obstruction: A Case Report
Amaar Aamery1, Hashim Ba Wazir2, Mohammad Salem Amer3
1Department of General Surgery, Sultan Qaboos Hospital, Salalah, OMN.
Abstract:
Small intestinal fungal overgrowth (SIFO) is defined by an abnormal proliferation of fungal organisms, most commonly Candida species, within the small intestine. Fungal infections, particularly candidiasis, are recognized causes of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, especially in patients with underlying conditions, such as malignancy or diabetes mellitus (DM), and in those exposed to immunosuppressive therapies, corticosteroids, or prolonged antibiotic use. SIFO is an underrecognized cause of GI symptoms, including bloating, diarrhea, and malabsorption. In rare cases, excessive fungal colonization can lead to mechanical bowel obstruction. This case report describes a patient with advanced retroviral infection who developed small bowel obstruction secondary to SIFO, underscoring the diagnostic challenges, therapeutic approaches, and the critical importance of early recognition and management.
Insights
Small intestinal fungal overgrowth (SIFO) can cause gastrointestinal issues and, rarely, bowel obstruction. Early recognition and management are crucial, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Mycology
Background:
- Small intestinal fungal overgrowth (SIFO) involves abnormal proliferation of fungi, often Candida species, in the small intestine.
- Fungal infections like candidiasis are known causes of GI symptoms, particularly in immunocompromised individuals or those with chronic conditions like diabetes mellitus.
- SIFO is an underrecognized cause of bloating, diarrhea, and malabsorption, and can rarely lead to mechanical bowel obstruction.
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