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Modulating the spatial-numerical association of response codes effect by inhibitory control.

Ping Zhang¹, Fuhong Li², Zhenwei Su²

¹Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition

|March 19, 2026

Summary

Inhibitory control modulates the spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect. Enhanced cognitive control reduced or eliminated the SNARC effect in incompatible trials.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

The spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect demonstrates how number magnitude influences spatial response selection.
Understanding the factors modulating the SNARC effect is crucial for cognitive control research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether inhibitory control influences the SNARC effect.
To explore the role of cognitive control in resolving stimulus-response conflicts related to numerical processing.

Main Methods:

Utilized a spatial-semantic Stroop task, a word-color Stroop task, and a Flanker-like task.
Manipulated interference levels (low vs. high) within each task paradigm.
Assessed the SNARC effect under varying degrees of cognitive control demands.

Main Results:

The SNARC effect was present in congruent or low-interference conditions.
The SNARC effect decreased or disappeared in incongruent or high-interference conditions.
Stroop and Flanker interference enhanced cognitive control, resolving SNARC-incompatible trial conflicts.

Conclusions:

Inhibitory control significantly modulates the SNARC effect.
Enhanced cognitive control effectively mitigates the influence of spatial-numerical associations in response selection.
Findings highlight the interplay between numerical cognition and executive functions.