The role of clinical competency-based education in training in radiation science: A scoping review

Clinical competency-based education (CBE) has emerged as a critical strategy to enhance workforce readiness in radiation sciences. Despite its growing adoption, significant gaps persist in standardized curricula, training strategies, and competency assessments across disciplines.

This scoping review aimed to (1) summarize best practices in training radiation science professionals; (2) examine clinical competency-based education (CBE) approaches in training radiation science trainees across disciplines including clinical radiation oncology and radiology, radiation therapy, medical dosimetry, and radiologic technology; and (3) synthesize evidence on learning and teaching strategies that support clinical competence development.

Twenty clinical studies published between 2018 and 2023 were analyzed across four domains: best practices in professional training, competency-based educational frameworks, effective learning strategies, and teaching interventions. Studies were appraised for statistical outcomes, implementation design, and impact on learner performance or clinical readiness.

Key findings highlighted the effectiveness of interprofessional education, simulation-based training, virtual learning environments, and reflective practice in improving clinical competence. Studies also identified institutional and learner-level factors, including prior certification, gender, and postgraduate year, that influenced performance. Emerging technologies such as e-learning platforms and artificial intelligence (AI)-supported decision tools demonstrated positive effects on knowledge acquisition and skill transfer.

The evidence supports integrating structured, competency-based frameworks and interactive learning modalities into radiation science education. Future directions should explore how artificial intelligence can further standardize assessments, personalize learning, and enhance clinical skill development.