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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Knee Joint01:23

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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An Enigma Wrapped in Oedema: Rethinking Charcot Neuroarthropathy in Diabetes on JM Charcot's 200th Birthday.

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Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
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Understanding Charcot and Diabetic Bone Disease.

Lisa Grant-McDonald1, Laura Shin2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School; Old Dominion University Podiatric Residency, Norfolk, VA, USA.

Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|March 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Charcot neuroarthropathy and diabetic bone disease stem from similar causes, including inflammation and bone loss. New research highlights systemic issues and potential treatments to improve bone health in diabetic patients.

Keywords:
Bone metabolismCharcot neuroarthropathyDiabetic bone diseaseInflammatory osteolysisMarrow niche failureNeurovascular dysfunctionRANKL/OPGsRAGE

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Charcot neuroarthropathy was previously considered a localized issue in diabetic feet.
  • Emerging evidence points to a systemic cause involving bone marrow niche collapse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the shared pathophysiology of Charcot neuroarthropathy and diabetic bone disease.
  • To explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for bone integrity in diabetic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular, cellular, and structural mechanisms.
  • Analysis of emerging diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Charcot neuroarthropathy and diabetic bone disease share a pathophysiology involving inflammatory osteolysis, vascular rarefaction, neurotrophic failure, and progenitor exhaustion.
  • The condition is driven by chronic inflammation and metabolic stress, leading to systemic marrow niche collapse.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the systemic nature of Charcot neuroarthropathy is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Restoring osteoimmunologic balance and bone integrity is key for managing diabetic bone disease.