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Personal and Societal Recovery in Depression-A Qualitative Study
Annelot van Geffen1,2, Dorien Smit1,2,3, Janna N Vrijsen1,2,4
1Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Depression Expertise Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
International Journal of Mental Health Nursing
|March 20, 2026
Summary
Personal and societal recovery in depression are interconnected processes. Societal recovery, focusing on belonging and participation, fosters personal growth and self-insight in individuals with depression.
Area of Science:
- Mental Health
- Psychology
- Sociology
Background:
- Growing attention on personal and societal recovery in mental health.
- Existing research predominantly focuses on Severe Mental Illness (SMI), neglecting depression.
- The development of recovery processes in depression requires further study.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore personal and societal recovery in depression.
- To identify barriers and facilitators in the recovery process.
- To determine how to support recovery for individuals with depression.
Main Methods:
- Fourteen semi-structured interviews with individuals experiencing recurrent depression.
- Analysis using constructivist grounded theory (CGT) and reflexive thematic analysis (RTA).
- Purposeful sampling until theoretical saturation, adhering to COREQ guidelines.
Main Results:
- Personal recovery is an intrapersonal, retrospective self-discovery process.
- Societal recovery is an interpersonal, prospective process centered on belonging.
- Societal participation is a preliminary step involving low-demand tasks to rebuild capacity and self-esteem.
Conclusions:
- Personal and societal recovery are bi-directionally linked, with societal recovery enhancing personal recovery.
- Self-insight from personal recovery is applied in societal recovery through value-aligned activities.
- Meaningful societal participation and belonging are key drivers for societal recovery in depression.
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