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Trapped Scholte modes supported by soft elastic cylindrical rods underwater
B M Staples1, T A Starkey1, A P Hibbins1
1University of Exeter, Centre for Metamaterial Research & Innovation, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
Physical Review. E
|March 20, 2026
Summary
This study identifies trapped Scholte modes, a type of acoustic wave, on fluid-loaded elastic rods. These modes are localized to the solid-fluid interface, especially at higher frequencies.
Area of Science:
- Acoustics
- Materials Science
- Solid Mechanics
Background:
- Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are crucial in various applications.
- Understanding wave propagation in fluid-loaded elastic structures is complex.
- Previous research on cylindrical rods has not fully characterized interface-localized modes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document and characterize trapped Scholte modes on fluid-loaded elastic cylindrical rods.
- To investigate the behavior of these modes in the low-velocity regime (Scholte velocity < speed of sound in fluid).
- To explore the frequency-dependent localization of Scholte modes.
Main Methods:
- Numerical modeling using the finite element method (FEM).
- Experimental verification using cast acrylic rods submerged in water.
- Analysis of wave propagation characteristics at the solid-fluid interface.
Main Results:
- Confirmation of trapped Scholte modes existing on fluid-loaded elastic cylindrical rods.
- Demonstration that these modes are localized to the solid-fluid interface.
- Observation of increased localization at higher frequencies, with phase velocities approaching planar Scholte wave velocities.
Conclusions:
- Scholte modes represent a distinct class of nonradiative surface acoustic modes on cylindrical rods.
- The finite element method and experimental data confirm their existence and behavior.
- These findings advance the understanding of acoustic wave phenomena in fluid-structure interactions.
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