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End-of-Life Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Symptom Burden: A Nationally-Representative Study.

Mara Rosenberg1, Irena Cenzer1,2, Alexander K Smith1

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Loneliness and social isolation are common in end-of-life care. Psychosocial symptoms linked to loneliness, while physical symptoms linked to social isolation, offering opportunities for improved well-being.

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end‐of‐lifelonelinesssocial isolationsymptom burden

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Palliative Care
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Loneliness and social isolation significantly impact end-of-life quality of life.
  • Understanding their association with symptoms is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between various physical and psychological symptoms and end-of-life loneliness and social isolation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nationally-representative Health and Retirement Study data (N=2385) of adults over 50 who died.
  • Assessed loneliness and social isolation via self-report within one year of death.
  • Determined 12 physical/psychological symptoms through proxy interviews, analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Loneliness was more prevalent with symptoms like pain, depression, fatigue, drowsiness, and agitation.
  • Social isolation was more common in individuals experiencing difficulty breathing, drowsiness, and persistent cough.

Conclusions:

  • Psychosocial symptoms correlate with end-of-life loneliness, while physical symptoms correlate with social isolation.
  • Addressing the social consequences of these symptoms can enhance end-of-life well-being.