Chiral Microenvironment Enhanced Bone Regeneration in Infectious Bone Defect Based on Chiral Molybdenum Disulfide...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes are crucial in dentistry but often lack sufficient antimicrobial and osteoinductive capabilities.
• Current GBR solutions face challenges in promoting effective bone formation and preventing infection in critical-sized defects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a novel bilayer membrane incorporating chiral molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (CMoS2 QDs) within a chitosan (CS)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix for enhanced GBR.
• To investigate the synergistic effects of the bilayer architecture, CMoS2 QDs, and nHAp on osteogenic cell behavior, mechanical properties, degradation, and antibacterial activity.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of the CMoS2 QDs-incorporated CS/nHAp bilayer membrane (CMQCH membrane) using solution-casting and freeze-drying techniques.
• Characterization of the membrane's physical, chemical, mechanical, and degradation properties.
• In vitro assessment of cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs).
• In vivo evaluation of bone regeneration in infected defects compared to commercial collagen membranes.

Main Results:

• The CMQCH membrane exhibited a unique bilayer architecture with distinct surface topographies and robust mechanical properties with a prolonged degradation profile.
• The incorporation of CMoS2 QDs and nHAp, along with the chiral microenvironment, significantly promoted rBMSC adhesion, migration, and osteogenic differentiation.
• The membrane demonstrated superior antibacterial activity against relevant pathogens.
• In vivo studies showed significantly enhanced bone regeneration in infected defects treated with the CMQCH membrane compared to controls.

Conclusions:

• The developed CMQCH membrane offers a promising GBR solution with combined osteoinductive and antimicrobial properties, surpassing commercial collagen membranes in infected defect models.
• The synergistic effects of the bilayer structure, CMoS2 QDs, and nHAp contribute to enhanced bone regeneration.
• This novel biomaterial holds high potential for clinical translation in treating bone defects.