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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
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Interfacial Structure Evolution and Co-Firing Compatibility in BTN/NZF Laminated Ceramics.

Yaqing Hu1,2, Zihang Chen1,2, Jiaqing Yang1,2

  • 1School of Optical and Electronic Information, Key Lab of Functional Materials for Electronic Information (B), MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study co-fired barium titanate niobate (BTN) ceramic and nickel-zinc ferrite (NZF) to create crack-free laminates. A novel barium ferrite layer improved interfacial bonding, enabling applications in multilayer electronic devices.

Keywords:
bonding mechanismco-firing matchdielectric propertiesinterfacial reactionlaminated ceramics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Ceramic Engineering
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Integrating dissimilar ceramics for multifunctional components is challenging due to co-firing incompatibility.
  • Warpage and cracking often occur during the co-firing of ceramic/ferrite laminates.
  • Achieving strong interfacial bonding is crucial for device reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop warpage-free and crack-free barium titanate niobate (BTN) ceramic/nickel-zinc ferrite (NZF) laminates.
  • To investigate and achieve co-firing compatibility between BTN and NZF ceramics.
  • To understand and enhance interfacial bonding for multilayer ceramic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-state reaction method for co-firing BTN/NZF laminates.
  • Investigation of NZF ferrite particle size effects on sintering shrinkage.
  • Finite element simulation for internal stress analysis.
  • Microstructural analysis (phase composition, elemental distribution) of the BTN/NZF interface.

Main Results:

  • Successfully co-fired warpage-free and crack-free BTN/NZF laminates with strong interfacial bonding.
  • Identified excellent co-firing matchability between BTN and large-particle-size NZF (L-NZF).
  • Observed formation of a thin (18.6 nm) M-type barium ferrite (BaM) interphase layer at the interface.
  • The BaM layer enhanced interfacial adhesion and suppressed ion interdiffusion, with limited Fe3+ diffusion (63 nm).

Conclusions:

  • The developed BTN/NZF laminates show potential for multilayer devices like filters.
  • Tailoring interfacial properties through controlled interphase formation is a viable approach for co-fired ceramics.
  • The BaM interphase layer effectively strengthens adhesion and limits diffusion, preserving dielectric properties.