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Advanced Delivery Systems for Non-perturbative Monitoring Patient-Specific Cancer-Immune Dynamics for Precision

Xin-Ru Liao1, Di Han1, Li-Jin Qi1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel imaging platform for real-time analysis of cancer-immune interactions using patient cells. MET knockout enhances cancer cell death during immune attack, paving the way for personalized cancer therapies.

Keywords:
cancer‐immune interplayfunctional vectorsgenome editingmRNA probingtargeting delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Studying cancer-immune interactions is crucial for understanding cancer progression and therapeutic responses.
  • Existing animal models have limited immune relevance, and non-perturbative monitoring of these interactions is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a real-time imaging platform for precise, patient-specific study of cancer-immune dynamics.
  • To investigate the impact of MET knockout on cancer cell death mechanisms and immune evasion.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a multifunctional delivery vector with aptamer decoration for targeting cancer cells.
  • Enabled genome editing (MET knockout) via plasmid delivery and in situ mRNA probing using molecular beacons.
  • Integrated autologous circulating malignant cells (CMCs) and immune cells for dynamic monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Edited CMCs showed increased apoptosis (BIM mRNA) and necroptosis (RIPK3 mRNA) under immune attack.
  • MET knockout significantly reduced CMCs' immune resistance compared to unedited CMCs.
  • The platform allowed single-cell resolution tracking of cancer-immune interactions and cell death.

Conclusions:

  • The developed platform enables precise study of patient-specific cancer-immune dynamics.
  • MET knockout enhances cancer cell vulnerability to immune attack by promoting apoptosis and necroptosis.
  • This approach advances precision personalized therapy by linking therapeutic actions to cancer cell death mechanisms.