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Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
Published on: February 11, 2017
School-based mindfulness education and children's emotion regulation: the mediating role of executive function
1Future Industries College, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Background:
School-based mindfulness education has been increasingly implemented to support children's socio-emotional development; however, the cognitive mechanisms underlying its effects on emotion regulation remain insufficiently clarified. This study examined whether mindfulness-based education improves children's emotion regulation and whether executive function mediates this association.
Methods:
In a randomized controlled trial, 150 children aged 8-10 years were assigned to either a mindfulness education group or a waitlist control group. The 8-week program assessed emotion regulation (ERC, Emotion Management Scale, Disappointing Gift Task) and executive function (Hearts and Flowers, Digit Span, WCST).
Results:
The mindfulness group showed significantly greater improvements in emotion regulation strategies (F = 15.37, p < 0.001) and all executive function components. Mediation analysis revealed significant indirect effects through inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, accounting for 53.8% of the total effect.
Conclusion:
Mindfulness education enhances children's emotion regulation, both directly and through improvements in executive function, supporting its implementation in school mental health programs.
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