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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

1.2K
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
1.2K
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
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Atrial Cardiomyopathy and Atrial Fibrillation in Different Heart Failure Substrates.

Bharat K Kantharia1,2, Lingling Wu3, Mohit M Hulsurkar4

  • 1Cardiovascular and Heart Rhythm Consultants New York, NY, US.

Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review
|March 20, 2026
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Summary

Atrial cardiomyopathy and heart failure (HF) are rising globally and worsen each other. This review explores their shared origins and potential clinical links, focusing on basic and translational science.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationatrial cardiomyopathyatriopathyheart failure

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Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation
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Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
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Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation
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Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Translational Science
  • Basic Science

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) incidences are increasing worldwide.
  • These conditions share interdependence and exacerbate each other.
  • HF is classified by ejection fraction (EF): HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review basic and translational science findings on shared pathophysiological substrates between HF and atrial cardiomyopathy.
  • To explore potential clinical applications of these findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of basic and translational science research.
  • Synthesis of evidence connecting HF and atrial cardiomyopathy.

Main Results:

  • Atrial cardiomyopathy (atriopathy) involves atrial alterations driven by risk factors and comorbidities.
  • Diverse mechanisms, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and infiltrative diseases, contribute to both AF and HF.
  • Emerging evidence links cardiac amyloidosis, cancers, and chemotherapy to AF and HF.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding shared pathophysiological substrates is crucial for managing AF and HF.
  • Translational science offers potential clinical applications for treating these interconnected conditions.