Hematemesis resulting from mesenteric venous thrombosis: A case report

Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a rare yet highly lethal condition, characterized by atypical clinical manifestations that often lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The present report describes the case of a 29-year-old man with a history of deep vein thrombosis who presented with intermittent upper abdominal pain and hematemesis. An initial abdominal CT scan suggested intestinal obstruction, and further conservative treatment provided temporary relief before the condition worsened with severe hematemesis and hypotension. Emergency surgery revealed MVT complicated by small bowel necrosis, which was managed with necrotic bowel resection, end-to-end anastomosis and postoperative anticoagulation. The patient recovered successfully. Overall, the present report highlights how an early diagnosis, use of contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans and timely intervention (primarily anticoagulation, with surgery for bowel necrosis/peritonitis) are key in MVT management.