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Revitalizing nanoscale solid-solid conversion enables ultrastable aqueous batteries.

Zhixin Sun1, Mei Han2,3, Yuchun Liu1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel size-revitalizing layer (SRL) stabilizes nanoscale solid products in aqueous zinc-manganese batteries, enhancing lifespan and enabling efficient grid energy storage.

Keywords:
aqueous zinc–manganese batterieshigh mass loadingsize-controlled productssize-revitalizing layersolid–solid conversion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous zinc-manganese (Zn-Mn) batteries are promising for grid storage.
  • Limited battery lifetime is caused by irreversible solid product formation during deposition-dissolution reactions.
  • Controlling the size of solid products is a critical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy to control solid product size in Zn-Mn batteries.
  • To improve the stability and lifespan of aqueous Zn-Mn batteries.
  • To enable reversible Mn(II, l)-Mn(IV, s) conversion pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Constructing a size-revitalizing layer (SRL) on MnO2 using Bi2O3 as an optimal modifier.
  • Regulating the interfacial microenvironment through sustained Mn release and interaction with solid products.
  • Investigating the effect of SRL on solid product size, ion diffusion, and electrochemical pathways.

Main Results:

  • The SRL effectively stabilized nanoscale solid products, reducing their size from >10 μm to the nanoscale.
  • This size control enabled a reversible Mn(II, l)-Mn(IV, s) pathway, suppressing irreversible Mn(II, l)-Mn(III, s) routes.
  • Coin cells with high-mass-loading cathodes achieved over 1000 cycles at 2 C.
  • Scaled iron-plate cells demonstrated stable operation for 110 days.

Conclusions:

  • The size-controlled solid-solid conversion strategy using SRL significantly enhances battery stability and resolves irreversible capacity degradation.
  • This approach offers a promising solution for long-duration, large-scale energy storage systems.
  • The strategy has broad applicability for diverse electrode materials in advanced energy storage.