Beyond bones, vitamin D as a sunshine hormone in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications

The aim of this review is to thoroughly examine the intricate connection between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A detailed investigation of the potential role of vitamin D in the onset, prevention, and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus was conducted through an extensive review of the available literature and relevant research findings. Numerous studies have indicated that vitamin D contributes significantly to maintaining the metabolic balance of calcium and phosphorus and supporting bone health while potentially affecting the development and incidence of diabetes via various mechanisms. Nevertheless, many ambiguities persist regarding the association between vitamin D and diabetes, and further studies are needed to clarify its exact mechanism of action and clinical application value.