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Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
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Body Under Attack: Disseminated Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection.

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Disseminated Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection in immunocompromised adults can cause severe visceral complications and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Early diagnosis and prompt intravenous acyclovir treatment are critical for favorable outcomes in these high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

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Background:

Keywords:
diagnosisdisseminated infectionhigh index suspicionimmunocompromisedvaricella-zoster virus

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  • Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection typically presents as a localized skin rash but can disseminate in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Disseminated VZV can lead to severe visceral complications, including organ failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and high mortality.
  • Atypical presentations, such as abdominal pain preceding a rash, can delay diagnosis.