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Association Between Possible Sarcopenia and Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX)-Estimated Fracture Risk Without Bone
Callista N Yubaitsa1, Karina S Gani2, Mitchel Mitchel2
1Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, IDN.
Cureus
|March 20, 2026
Summary
This study found no significant link between possible sarcopenia, a condition affecting muscle strength in older adults, and their fracture risk. Most participants had possible sarcopenia but low fracture risk.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Orthopedics
- Public Health
Background:
- Musculoskeletal issues in the elderly are a major healthcare concern, with undetected fractures leading to disability and mortality.
- Sarcopenia, characterized by muscle loss, contributes to instability and falls, increasing fracture risk.
- The relationship between possible sarcopenia and fracture risk in older adults requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between possible sarcopenia and fracture risk in institutionalized older adults.
- To assess fracture risk using the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) and possible sarcopenia using handgrip strength.
Main Methods:
- An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in October 2025.
- 96 older adults from PSTW Budi Mulia 2 were recruited using consecutive sampling.
- Possible sarcopenia was determined by handgrip strength (AWGS 2019 criteria), and fracture risk by the FRAX questionnaire.
Main Results:
- The majority of participants (93.5%) presented with possible sarcopenia.
- Most respondents (80.6%) were categorized as low fracture risk.
- Statistical analysis (p=0.791) revealed no significant association between possible sarcopenia and fracture risk.
Conclusions:
- Institutionalized older adults frequently exhibit possible sarcopenia.
- Fracture risk, as estimated by FRAX, was predominantly low in this cohort.
- Handgrip strength-defined possible sarcopenia did not show a significant association with FRAX-estimated fracture risk in this population.
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