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Observation-time-induced crossover from fluctuating diffusivity.

Masahiro Shirataki1, Takuma Akimoto1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan. takuma@rs.tus.ac.jp.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers found that fluctuating diffusivity explains the observation-time-dependent mobility changes in hydrated proteins. This provides a unified view of generic non-equilibrium phenomena in complex soft-matter systems.

Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Hydrated proteins exhibit a characteristic temperature-dependent mobility change.
  • This phenomenon is often linked to the protein dynamical transition, but its physical basis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physical origin of observation-time-dependent mobility changes in hydrated proteins.
  • To establish a theoretical framework for understanding this phenomenon in complex soft-matter systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Langevin framework with fluctuating diffusivity.
  • Performed analytical and numerical analyses to study translational diffusion.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that fluctuating diffusivity naturally leads to an observation-time-induced crossover in translational diffusion.

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  • Showed that the effective diffusion coefficient's crossover point is dependent on observation time and temperature.
  • Identified the minimal conditions for the emergence of this crossover phenomenon.

    • Conclusions:

    • Observation-time-induced crossover is a generic non-equilibrium phenomenon in systems with slowly relaxing mobility fluctuations.
    • The proposed framework offers a unified perspective on finite-time crossover phenomena in hydrated proteins and other complex soft-matter systems.
    • This work distinguishes itself from internal dynamical transitions studied via neutron scattering.