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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

Published on: February 28, 2013

Epigenetic regulation in a high-sugar environment (Review).

Huili Zhou¹, Xinhe Lv¹, Yu Liang¹

¹Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

|March 20, 2026

Summary

Persistent high glucose levels trigger

Keywords:

DNA methylation diabetic complications epigenetics histone modifications hyperglycemia non‑coding RNA

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Area of Science:

Epigenetics
Molecular Biology
Endocrinology

Background:

Diabetes mellitus and its complications pose a significant global health burden.
Metabolic memory, driven by persistent hyperglycemia, is a key pathological process in diabetes.
Epigenetic regulation is the central mechanism underlying metabolic memory.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review how hyperglycemia reprograms epigenetic pathways.
To elucidate the role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in diabetes progression.
To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting epigenetic mechanisms.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of scientific literature.
Analysis of epigenetic alterations in response to high glucose.
Examination of cellular and tissue-specific epigenetic regulation.
Review of signaling pathways involved in high-glucose-induced epigenetic changes.

Main Results:

High glucose alters DNA methylation (e.g., PDX1, CXCR4) and histone modifications (e.g., H3K18la).
Dysregulated non-coding RNA networks (e.g., MALAT1, miR-21) mediate inflammation and fibrosis.
Epigenetic changes exhibit cell and tissue specificity, impacting complications like nephropathy and cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

Epigenetic reprogramming is crucial in diabetes pathogenesis and complications.
Targeting epigenetic enzymes and utilizing epigenetic markers offer novel therapeutic strategies.
Understanding metabolic memory's epigenetic basis is key to precise diabetes prevention and treatment.