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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 21, 2026

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Gender Differences in Academic Productivity Among Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeons.

McKenzie A Mayer1, Michael K Viggiano, Patrick M Pema

  • 1From the Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ (Mayer, Viggiano, and Pema), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ (Reiss, Bernstein, and Joffe).

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Gender disparities persist in pediatric orthopaedic surgery, with women publishing less and having lower H-indices than men. Regional differences in academic productivity were observed, particularly in the Northeast.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Medical Education
  • Gender Studies in Medicine

Background:

  • Existing literature lacks clarity on geographic influences on gender disparities among pediatric orthopaedic surgeons.
  • This study addresses the gap by comparing academic productivity between male and female pediatric orthopaedic attendings across different regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the academic productivity (publication counts, H-indices, and publication rates) of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons based on sex and geographic region.
  • To identify potential regional variations in gender-based disparities within the field.

Main Methods:

  • Faculty lists from 45 North American pediatric orthopaedic fellowship programs were analyzed.
  • Data collected included surgeon sex, publication counts, and H-indices from Scopus and program websites.
  • Publication rates were calculated, and statistical analyses (Pearson chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA) were performed using GraphPad Prism 10.

Main Results:

  • A total of 401 surgeons (302 male, 99 female) were analyzed.
  • Female surgeons demonstrated lower publication counts, H-indices, and publication rates compared to male surgeons.
  • Male surgeons in the Northeast showed the highest publication counts, rates, and H-indices; no significant regional differences were found for female surgeons.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gender disparities in academic productivity persist among pediatric orthopaedic surgeons in the U.S.
  • Systemic barriers may limit research opportunities for women in the field.
  • Targeted strategies are necessary to enhance research access and support for female surgeons and trainees.