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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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Self-Disorders, Imagination, and Creativity in Professional Visual Artists: An Exploratory Phenomenological Study.

Andreas Rosén Rasmussen1,2,3, Sidse Marie Arnfred4,5, Henriette Sabroe Ebbesen5

  • 1Mental Health Center Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, arr@dadlnet.dk.

Psychopathology
|March 20, 2026
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Summary

This study explored selfhood and imagination in professional artists, finding some experienced alterations linked to their creativity. These findings suggest a potential connection between subjective experiences and artistic innovation.

Keywords:
Basic self-disturbanceCreativityExamination of Anomalous Fantasy and ImaginationExamination of Anomalous Self-ExperienceSchizophrenia spectrum

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies suggest links between creativity and mental health vulnerabilities, particularly schizophrenia.
  • Alterations in selfhood are hypothesized as a potential bridge between creativity and mental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate disturbances in basic selfhood and imagination within a non-clinical sample of professional visual artists.
  • To explore the relationship between these disturbances and the creative working process.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited ten professional visual artists exhibiting at prestigious galleries.
  • Conducted comprehensive interviews including the Present State Examination (PSE), Examination of Anomalous Self-experience (EASE), and Examination of Anomalous fantasy and Imagination (EAFI).
  • Included a qualitative interview focusing on the creative working process.

Main Results:

  • Four participants reported moderate to high levels of self-disorders or imagination anomalies.
  • These reported experiences were integrated into their creative work.
  • Participants met ICD-10 research criteria for lifetime mood, anxiety, and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Findings are exploratory due to the small sample size.
  • Alterations in pre-reflective subjectivity may relate to creativity via subtle alienation from common sense.
  • Suggests a link involving preoccupation with the imaginary and a spatialized inner experience.