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Chromosome Replication

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Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins. This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...

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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography

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The Dynamics of Chromatin Replication.

Leonie Kollenstart^1,2, Sebastian Jespersen Charlton^1,2, Anja Groth^1,2,3

¹Center for Epigenetic Cell Memory, Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark;

Annual Review of Biochemistry

|March 20, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chromatin replication faithfully copies the genome and its associated proteins, ensuring cell identity is maintained across generations. This process is vital for health, aging, and cancer research.

Keywords:

chromatin epigenome histones inheritance recycling replication

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Epigenetics
Cell Biology

Background:

Cellular identity and function depend on maintaining the genome's chromatin structure across cell divisions.
Chromatin replication is crucial for inheritance of epigenetic information, impacting health, aging, and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To review key advancements in understanding chromatin dynamics during DNA replication.
To elucidate mechanisms ensuring faithful inheritance of chromatin structure and epigenetic marks.

Main Methods:

Literature review of chromatin dynamics during DNA replication.
Analysis of replication fork processes and histone management.

Main Results:

Chromatin is reorganized at the replication fork, requiring precise mechanisms for parental histone and modification transmission.
New histone incorporation is essential for maintaining chromatin integrity and function post-replication.

Conclusions:

Successful chromatin replication ensures the stable inheritance of gene expression programs and cellular identity.
Understanding these dynamics is critical for addressing age-related diseases and cancer.