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Related Concept Videos

Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography FDG-PET/CT
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Small- to medium-sized arteritis diagnosed by F-18 FDG PET/CT: A case report.

Sang-Min Oh1, Seok Tae Lim2, Hwan-Jeong Jeong2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.

Medicine
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

F-18 FDG PET/CT effectively diagnosed arteritis in a patient with nonspecific symptoms. This noninvasive imaging facilitated timely treatment and avoided unnecessary interventions.

Keywords:
F-18 FDGPET/CTarteritisfever

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Vascular Imaging
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Arteritis diagnosis is often delayed due to vague symptoms, necessitating invasive procedures.
  • Noninvasive imaging is crucial for early detection and management of inflammatory vascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the diagnostic utility of F-18 FDG PET/CT in a case of arteritis.
  • To demonstrate the role of F-18 FDG PET/CT in guiding treatment and avoiding unnecessary interventions.

Main Methods:

  • A 65-year-old male presented with persistent fever and myalgia.
  • F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging was performed.
  • Treatment with intravenous prednisolone was initiated based on imaging findings.

Main Results:

  • F-18 FDG PET/CT revealed characteristic hypermetabolic patterns in the arteries of the arms and thighs.
  • The patient experienced rapid symptom resolution (fever and myalgia) following prednisolone therapy.

Conclusions:

  • F-18 FDG PET/CT is a valuable noninvasive tool for diagnosing small- to medium-sized arteritis.
  • This imaging modality aids in timely treatment initiation, avoids unnecessary procedures and antibiotics, and allows objective monitoring of treatment response.