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Related Concept Videos

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Infinium Assay for Large-scale SNP Genotyping Applications
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A versatile high-density customized SNP array for augmenting genomic analysis in sheep.

Reena Arora1, Upasana Sharma1, Ramesh Kumar Vijh1

  • 1ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.

Genome
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new high-density SNP array was developed for sheep, enhancing genomic analysis and conservation efforts. This tool provides dense coverage, improving genetic insights for diverse ovine populations globally.

Keywords:
SNP arraybreedsgenomicspopulation stratificationsheep

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genomics
  • Ovine Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Commercially available SNP arrays for sheep lack representation of Asian and African ovine diversity.
  • Accurate genetic analysis, selection, and conservation require high-density genomic tools tailored to diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a genome-wide, high-density SNP array for sheep, specifically addressing the underrepresentation of Indian subcontinent ovine diversity.
  • To provide a robust tool for detailed genetic analysis, breed delineation, and population stratification in sheep.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a genome-wide SNP array with 627,509 biallelic markers.
  • Validated the array on 522 individuals from diverse Indian sheep breeds.
  • Assessed marker quality, call rates, and genomic coverage.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an average call rate of 99.6% for quality-controlled samples.
  • Classified 96.15% (603,523) of markers as best and recommended.
  • Demonstrated dense genomic coverage (average inter-marker distance of 4.6 kb) capable of delineating breed-specific clusters and population stratification.

Conclusions:

  • The developed high-density SNP array is a valuable tool for genetic analysis, selection, and conservation in sheep.
  • This array significantly improves the representation of Asian ovine diversity in genomic studies.
  • Its broad applicability across global breeds enhances its utility in international ovine genomics research.