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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
Published on: March 1, 2019
The XSER1 lncRNA acts as an enhancer RNA and confers resistance to pathogens by promoting chromatin loop formation in
Chao Yuan1, Jie Jiang1, Yu Cheng1
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Lnc-eRNAs are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) whose transcription initiation sites overlap with enhancers, but whether lnc-eRNAs exist in plants and whether they affect disease resistance remain unknown. Here, we identified lnc-eRNAs in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using transcriptome and chromatin accessibility data and characterized one lnc-eRNA, Xanthomonas Susceptible Enhancer RNA1 (XSER1), which was quickly activated under pathogen infection. XSER1 knockdown conferred resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases caused by Xanthomonas and Magnaporthe oryzae, respectively, showing broad-spectrum disease resistance. We found that XSER1 binds to the transcription factor basic helix-loop-helix 94 (OsbHLH94) and promotes chromatin looping to shape chromatin accessibility and rewire XSER1 activation, as well as affecting the expression of the adjacent histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) demethylase gene JUMONJI 707 (OsJMJ707), thus conferring resistance to pathogens. XSER1 abundance is very low under normal conditions but increases substantially within hours of pathogen infection. Knocking out XSER1 did not cause developmental defects but enhanced plant defenses, revealing its potential for breeding pathogen-resistant plants.
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