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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

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Test Characteristics of C-Reactive Protein-Based Risk Stratification in Young, Well-Appearing, Febrile Infants

Lyubina C Yankova1, Corrie E McDaniel2, Ellen Kerns3

  • 1Section of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|March 20, 2026
PubMed

Insights

C-reactive protein and procalcitonin effectively identify invasive bacterial infections in febrile infants. This combination shows high sensitivity for detecting serious infections in newborns and young infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Febrile infants require accurate diagnostic tools to differentiate serious bacterial infections from benign conditions.
  • Inflammatory markers are crucial in assessing infection risk in neonates and young infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory markers (IMs) for invasive bacterial infection (IBI).
  • To assess the combined performance of CRP with other IMs in well-appearing, febrile infants aged 8-60 days.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study design.
  • Analysis of test characteristics for CRP alone and in combination with other IMs.
  • Focus on well-appearing, febrile infants aged 8-60 days.

Main Results:

  • The combination of procalcitonin and CRP showed a sensitivity of 91.4% (95% CI: 84.7-95.8).
  • The combined procalcitonin and CRP also demonstrated a specificity of 76.5% (95% CI: 75.3-77.6).

Conclusions:

  • Combined procalcitonin and CRP offer valuable diagnostic information for IBI in febrile infants.
  • This biomarker combination aids in the clinical decision-making process for managing infection in young infants.

Keywords:
infant sepsisinflammatory markersprocalcitonin

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