Quality use of medicines: from national policy to local implementation in Saudi Arabia

Quality use of medicines (QUM) helps ensure patient safety and optimal healthcare outcomes. This study aims to examine issues in the implementation of Saudi Arabia's national QUM policies and programs using a case study of practice in a major regional hospital.

In 2024, a qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured interviews with 13 relevant hospital staff, including the hospital manager, medical director, quality officer, pharmacists, physicians, and nurses. An interview guide was developed based on a review of national policies and international practice. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key issues from the interviews.

Two broad themes with subthemes emerged: (i) Strengths of the system, with subthemes of: Comprehensiveness of QUM policies and procedures, Multiplicity of QUM programs and initiatives, Staff training and continuing education programs, and Regular monitoring and evaluation. (ii) Challenges to QUM with subthemes of: Adherence and knowledge gaps, Workforce limitations, and Limited strategic research. Comprehensive policies and procedures for medication management have been implemented as required under accreditation standards, including medication reconciliation, patient education programs, and antibiotic stewardship. However, interviewees identified several factors that impacted the effectiveness of practice, including staff shortages, limited resources, and gaps in adherence to QUM protocols.

The findings highlight that at the hospital and clinical care level, effectively achieving the aims of QUM policy requires an ongoing commitment to training, resourcing, technical support, and protocol development and review. Commitment to research should also be better supported as part of QUM.