Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as tools and targets for inflammatory diseases

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Immunology
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Inflammatory diseases pose significant clinical challenges due to complex pathologies.
• Current anti-inflammatory therapies (NSAIDs, biologics) have limitations, including incomplete relief and side effects.
• There is a critical need for safer and more effective anti-inflammatory interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) as therapeutic tools and targets for inflammatory diseases.
• To delineate the unique properties, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and translational potential of PDEVs.
• To explore PDEVs' capacity for cross-kingdom communication in regulating immune responses.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on PDEVs in inflammatory disease models.
• Analysis of PDEV biogenesis, composition, and isolation techniques.
• Examination of PDEVs' immunomodulatory roles and therapeutic efficacy.

Main Results:

• PDEVs are biocompatible nanocarriers with cross-kingdom regulatory capacity.
• PDEVs effectively attenuate inflammation and promote tissue repair.
• PDEVs overcome drug delivery barriers and toxicity issues associated with conventional therapies.

Conclusions:

• PDEVs represent promising multi-target agents for managing inflammatory diseases.
• Advances in omics and bioengineering will enhance PDEV characterization and engineering for precision medicine.
• Addressing manufacturing, targeting, and regulatory challenges is key for clinical translation of PDEV therapies.