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Macroscopic particle transport in dissipative long-range bosonic systems
Hongchao Li1, Cheng Shang2, Tomotaka Kuwahara3,4,5
1Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. lhc@cat.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Nature Communications
|March 22, 2026
Summary
We determined the maximal speed of particle transport in dissipative quantum systems. Our findings reveal how system losses and gains influence transport distance and speed, with decoherence-free subspaces enabling perfect long-distance transport.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Many-body systems
- Open quantum systems
Background:
- Dissipation in quantum systems offers a realistic view of particle transport.
- Understanding particle transport in open quantum systems is crucial for experimental applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine the maximal speed of macroscopic particle transport in dissipative bosonic systems.
- Investigate the influence of one-body loss, multi-body loss, and gain on transport dynamics.
- Establish the relationship between transport time, distance, and system parameters.
Main Methods:
- Developed a generalized optimal transport theory for open quantum systems.
- Analyzed transport in bosonic systems with long-range hopping and interactions.
- Investigated systems with particle loss and gain.
Main Results:
- Established a rigorous relationship between minimum transport time and source-target distance.
- Demonstrated distinct transport behaviors for one-body versus multi-body loss.
- Showed that even minimal gain can enable long-distance transport in dilute systems.
- Identified decoherence-free subspaces as facilitators of long-distance, perfect transport.
Conclusions:
- Maximal particle transport speed in dissipative bosonic systems depends fundamentally on loss mechanisms.
- Gain can significantly enhance transport distances, especially in dilute systems.
- Decoherence-free subspaces are key to achieving efficient long-distance transport in realistic quantum systems.
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