Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
Published on: April 8, 2020
Vesicles: a supramolecular tool to achieve organic reactions in aqueous media
1Department of Chemistry, Brahmananda Keshab Chandra College, Kolkata, India.
Abstract:
Vesicles are fascinating supramolecular aggregates that can provide an interface-rich microenvironment and confined space. They can incorporate hydrophilic materials in their aqueous core and hydrophobic materials in their bilayer membrane. Thus, they can be utilized to perform organic reactions in water. Using water as a solvent for organic reactions instead of hazardous organic solvents is one of the important strategies of green chemistry. Several factors, including aggregate structure and composition, nature of the substrate, and reaction conditions, determine whether an organic reaction will be catalyzed or inhibited. Enzyme-containing vesicles can also be used as nanoreactors for organic reactions in water. Reactions in vesicles have been extensively studied over the past few decades, and their applications have been explored. A better understanding of the effect of vesicles on organic reactions will make the design of green organic reactions easier. In this study, related research works have been discussed.
More Related Videos
09:26Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
Published on: April 22, 2016
06:31Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
Published on: November 27, 2015
Related Concept Videos
Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
In 1896, the German chemist Paul Walden discovered that he could interconvert pure enantiomeric (+) and (-) malic acids through a series of reactions. This conversion suggested the involvement of optical inversion during the substitution reaction. Further, in 1930, Sir Christopher Ingold described for the first time two different forms of nucleophilic substitution reactions, which are known as SN1 (nucleophilic substitution unimolecular) and SN2 (nucleophilic substitution...
Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic...
SN2 Reaction: Mechanism
The presence of the more electronegative halogen in the substrate creates a polarized carbon-halide bond. The halide pulls the electron cloud generating an electrophilic center at the carbon atom. Thus, the carbon atom carries a partial positive charge while the halide has a...
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn stereochemistry.