Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

8.1K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
8.1K
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

3.0K
3.0K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

7.8K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.8K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

3.5K
3.5K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

7.3K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
7.3K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

5.0K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Azvudine (FNC), a next-generation cytidine analog with broad inhibitory activity against drug-resistant HIV-1 strains via stabilization of the reverse transcriptase catalytic complex.

Bioorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Trends in frequency of HIV viral load and CD4 cell count monitoring among Asian cohort of adults with HIV: an analysis of the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database, 2003-2018.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) versus efavirenz, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EFV+3TC + TDF) in late-presenting people with HIV rapid initial antiretroviral therapy.

BMC infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Synergistic regulation of drying quality in star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) through thermal and non-thermal pretreatments: Roles of structural modification and enzyme influence.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026
Same author

Frequent HIV-1 recombination among MSM in Beijing revealed by subtyping and near full-length genome analyses.

Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Long-term immune reconstitution patterns and influencing factors in people living with HIV exhibiting suboptimal immune response after 24 months of antiretroviral therapy.

HIV medicine·2026
Same journal

Curcumin induces ferroptosis in ovarian cancer cells through the Nrf2/GPX4 regulation axis.

American journal of cancer research·2026
Same journal

microRNA-454 shows anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by targeting LRP6 [Retraction].

American journal of cancer research·2026
Same journal

A novel integrated inflammation response score (IIRS) for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among cancer survivors.

American journal of cancer research·2026
Same journal

Erratum: IGF2BP2-modified UBE2D1 Interacts with Smad2/3 to Promote the Progression of Breast Cancer.

American journal of cancer research·2026
Same journal

Establishment and validation of a 28-day clinical outcome prediction model for acute promyelocytic leukemia based on an early platelet-coagulation factor combined transfusion strategy.

American journal of cancer research·2026
Same journal

Clinical-pathological characteristics and prognosis of elderly primary liver cancer patients.

American journal of cancer research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
07:44

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

Published on: November 28, 2019

8.3K

GAS6 potentiates tumor progression through modulating suppressive microenvironments.

Shaoteng Lu1, Hangxu Liu2, Fujie Zhang1

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433, China.

American Journal of Cancer Research
|March 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) is linked to cancer progression and poor survival across many cancer types. Targeting the GAS6/TAM pathway may overcome immune tolerance and enhance cancer treatments.

Keywords:
Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6)efferocytosispan-cancerprognosistumor immune microenvironment

More Related Videos

Quantitative Immunohistochemistry of the Cellular Microenvironment in Patient Glioblastoma Resections
05:45

Quantitative Immunohistochemistry of the Cellular Microenvironment in Patient Glioblastoma Resections

Published on: July 31, 2017

10.2K
A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication
09:52

A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication

Published on: September 20, 2016

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
07:44

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

Published on: November 28, 2019

8.3K
Quantitative Immunohistochemistry of the Cellular Microenvironment in Patient Glioblastoma Resections
05:45

Quantitative Immunohistochemistry of the Cellular Microenvironment in Patient Glioblastoma Resections

Published on: July 31, 2017

10.2K
A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication
09:52

A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication

Published on: September 20, 2016

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) is the primary ligand for TAM receptors (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK), crucial for efferocytosis.
  • A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of GAS6's role has been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pan-cancer expression of GAS6 and its correlation with clinical outcomes.
  • To explore the relationship between GAS6 levels, tumor-infiltrating macrophages, and the tumor microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of GAS6 expression across 33 tumor types using TCGA and TCGA-XENA datasets.
  • Transcriptomic deconvolution to assess macrophage infiltration and polarization.
  • Correlation analysis between GAS6 expression, survival data, and immune cell infiltration.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant GAS6 expression was observed in conjunction with malignant transformation and cancer progression.
  • Elevated GAS6 levels significantly predicted worse overall survival in multiple malignancies.
  • GAS6 expression positively correlated with increased macrophage infiltration and M2 polarization.

Conclusions:

  • GAS6 acts as an oncogenic driver and a key regulator of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in human cancers.
  • Targeting the GAS6/TAM axis presents a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance anti-cancer immunity and treatment efficacy.