Long Femoropopliteal Lesions Challenge the Limits of Endovascular Technique: Contemporary Systematic Review and
Sameh Sayfo1, Anne M Ryschon2, Ami Sood3
1Department of Interventional Cardiology, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital - Plano, Plano, Texas.
Insights
Endovascular treatment shows promising outcomes for long femoropopliteal lesions, offering a viable alternative to surgery. This meta-analysis provides key data on patency and revascularization rates for these complex cases.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Interventional Cardiology
- Medical Technology
Background:
- Femoropopliteal artery occlusive disease traditionally managed surgically.
- Growing evidence supports endovascular treatment for long lesions.
- Need for contemporary outcome assessment in endovascular therapy for long femoropopliteal lesions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically search and meta-analyze contemporary outcomes of endovascular treatment for long femoropopliteal lesions.
- To assess primary patency, secondary patency, and freedom from target lesion revascularization.
- To provide data for informed treatment decisions in complex femoropopliteal disease.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of Embase and MEDLINE (2000-2023).
- Inclusion of studies with mean lesion length ≥20 cm and ≥1-year follow-up.
- Pooled meta-analysis using random-effects model; subgroup analyses conducted.
Main Results:
- Analysis of 28 records, 2338 limbs, and 2311 patients.
- Pooled 12-month primary patency: 67%, secondary patency: 84%, freedom from revascularization: 79%.
- Significant variation in event rates observed in subgroup analyses.
Conclusions:
- Endovascular revascularization demonstrates important performance metrics for long femoropopliteal lesions.
- Findings offer crucial insights for clinical decision-making in femoropopliteal artery disease.
- Supports endovascular therapy as a key option for complex lesion management.
Background:
Traditionally, patients with symptomatic femoropopliteal artery occlusive disease have been treated surgically. However, a growing body of clinical evidence has emerged supporting endovascular treatment in patients with long lesions. The objective of this systematic search and meta-analysis was to assess contemporary outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular treatment for long femoral-popliteal lesions.
Methods:
An updated systematic search of Embase, including MEDLINE, identified relevant records published between January 2000 and March 2023 reporting a minimum of 1-year follow-up of endovascular revascularization in patients with mean lesion length ≥20 cm. A pooled meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model for all longitudinal cumulative event rates. Subgroup analyses explored stratification by lesion length, intervention, study design, and outcome definition. Quality of evidence and risk of bias assessments were conducted.
Results:
A total of 28 records, 2338 limbs, and 2311 patients, were analyzed. The pooled cumulative event rates (95% CI) for primary patency were as follows: 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81-0.89), 0.67 (95% CI, 0.61-0.73), 0.48 (95% CI, 0.38-0.57), and 0.42 (95% CI, 0.33-0.52); secondary patency: 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.93), 0.84 (95% CI, 0.77-0.89), 0.72 (95% CI, 0.64-0.78), 0.63 (95% CI, 0.52-0.73); and freedom from target lesion revascularization: 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.96), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.74-0.83), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.62-0.73), and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.57-0.69) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Select subgroup analyses showed clinically relevant variation in event rates.
Conclusions:
This systematic search and meta-analysis provides important insight into the performance of endovascular revascularization in patients with long lesions. These findings will need to be considered as treatment decisions are made.
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