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Heart Rate Variability and Cognitive Function as Potential Endophenotypes in Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional

Priyadarsini Samanta1, Barsha B Parida1, Jigyansa I Pattnaik2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with schizophrenia exhibit an elevated low frequency (LF) to high frequency (HF) ratio, indicating sympathovagal imbalance compared to relatives. This heart rate variability (HRV) marker correlates with cognitive performance in schizophrenia.

Keywords:
autonomic functioncognitionfirst-degree relativesheart rate variability (hrv)schizophreniasympathetic dominance

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomic nervous system balance.
  • Autonomic dysregulation is implicated in schizophrenia, potentially impacting cardiovascular health and cognition.
  • Understanding HRV in schizophrenia may offer insights into its endophenotypic traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters between schizophrenia patients and their first-degree relatives.
  • To investigate the correlation between HRV indices and cognitive performance in schizophrenia.
  • To explore HRV as a potential endophenotypic marker for schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional observational study involving 15 schizophrenia patients and 15 matched first-degree relatives.
  • 5-minute resting electrocardiogram (ECG) for HRV assessment.
  • Cognitive function evaluated using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI).

Main Results:

  • Time-domain HRV parameters were similar between groups.
  • The low frequency (LF) to high frequency (HF) ratio (LF/HF) was significantly higher in schizophrenia patients, suggesting sympathetic predominance.
  • A positive correlation was found between the LF/HF ratio and WASI scores within the schizophrenia group.

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia is associated with altered autonomic regulation, specifically an increased LF/HF ratio, indicating sympathovagal imbalance.
  • HRV, particularly the LF/HF ratio, may serve as a physiological marker linked to cognitive functioning in schizophrenia.
  • Further research is needed to establish HRV's role as an endophenotypic trait in schizophrenia.