Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) Regarding Complications of High Myopia Among Patients with High Myopia

The increasing global prevalence of high myopia, particularly in East Asia, poses a significant public health concern due to its potential for severe complications. Early detection and patient education are crucial. This study aimed to investigate KAP regarding complications of high myopia among individuals with high myopia in Chongqing, China, and to examine the impact of self-efficacy on these factors.

This study was conducted at our center from December 11, 2023, to March 31, 2024. Participants completed a KAP questionnaire designed based on relevant literature.

A total of 453 participants were included in the study, with a median knowledge score of 26.00 (interquartile range: 20.00-29.00) out of 39, indicating a moderate level of knowledge. The mean attitude score was 24.08 ± 3.35 out of 30, reflecting generally positive attitudes toward high myopia management. The mean practice score was 24.04 ± 4.56 out of 35, indicating moderate adherence to recommended practices. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed a significant positive relationship between knowledge and attitudes (estimate: 0.274522, p < 0.001), with attitudes significantly influencing practices (estimate: 0.822825, p < 0.001). Self-efficacy also exerted a positive but weaker effect on practices (estimate: 0.021341, p = 0.023).

Despite moderate levels of knowledge and practice, the positive attitudes and the significant correlation between higher knowledge and better practices suggest that targeted educational interventions could further improve outcomes. This study underscores the critical role of self-efficacy in enhancing KAP related to high myopia.