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Related Concept Videos

Restorative Care01:19

Restorative Care

Restorative care is provided once a patient has been discharged from a healthcare facility and requires additional services. The additional services include home care, rehabilitation programs, and extended care. Restorative care centers help the patient regain their previous level of functioning or acquire a new level of functioning due to the incapacitating effects of a disease or a disability. It aims to assist patients in enhancing their quality of life by encouraging independence,...
Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching II: Planning and Implementation01:24

Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching II: Planning and Implementation

Planning for learning involves the development of a teaching plan. Teaching plans are similar to nursing care plans—both follow the steps of the nursing process. Planning in the teaching process involves setting goals and outcomes. Here, goals identify what a patient needs to achieve to understand a healthcare topic better, whereas the outcomes are the action to be performed by the patient to achieve the goal within a timeframe. For example, if the goal is to educate the patient about insulin...
Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching III: Evaluation and Documentation01:20

Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching III: Evaluation and Documentation

Evaluation of the teaching process enables the nurse to determine if the patient's learning needs were met and if training was effective. If the expected outcomes are not met, the care plan is revised, and additional education or reinforcement is provided. Nurses can ask questions after the session or obtain feedback to assess the patient's understanding of the topic.
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Nursing Implementation01:15

Nursing Implementation

Implementation is the execution of the nursing care plan developed during the planning phase.
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Nursing Evaluation01:15

Nursing Evaluation

The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.
Section...
Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting01:29

Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting

Documentation in long-term care facilities and home healthcare settings is crucial for ensuring continuous, coordinated, and comprehensive care for patients. Each setting has its specific documentation processes and tools:
Long-Term Care Facilities

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Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
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Caregiver-Implemented Hanen Programs®: A Narrative Review.

Sarah Bartlett1, Sharynne McLeod1

  • 1Children's Voices Centre, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
|March 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This review evaluated Hanen programs® for children with communication needs. Evidence supports their use, but future research should explore optimizing outcomes for diverse families.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Hanen programs® support caregivers of children with communication needs.
  • These programs teach interaction strategies to promote child language development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate peer-reviewed literature on Hanen programs® for children with speech, language, and communication needs.
  • Assessed credibility, nature, quality, scope, and outcomes of research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol.
  • Synthesized and evaluated 57 studies meeting inclusion criteria from 196 papers.
  • Assessed study credibility, research nature (efficacy/effectiveness), quality, scope, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Most studies focused on efficacy (57.9%), with fewer on effectiveness (8.8%) or perceived effectiveness (24.6%).
  • Research primarily covered two programs (It Takes Two to Talk®, More Than Words®) across 11 countries.
  • Evidence supports communication outcomes, but results vary regarding language, interaction, acceptability, feasibility, and maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence supports Hanen programs® in their original format, particularly with middle-class families in Westernized countries.
  • Effectiveness studies indicate a need for research on content flexibility and adaptations for diverse populations.
  • Future research should focus on optimizing Hanen-based interventions for individual families.