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Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

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FTO-CHRM3 axis regulates multiple myeloma progression: a machine learning-based identification.

Bo Lu¹, Ting Bin¹, Xue-Fei Deng¹

¹Department of Haematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.

Annals of Hematology

|March 23, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) protein promotes multiple myeloma (MM) progression through the FTO-CHRM3 axis, impacting DNA replication and cell cycle. This research offers new therapeutic targets for MM.

Keywords:

CHRM3 Calcium signaling pathway FTO Immune microenvironment Multiple myeloma Single-cell RNA sequencing

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) gene is implicated in multiple myeloma (MM) progression.
The precise mechanisms of FTO's role in MM remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role and mechanisms of FTO in multiple myeloma (MM).
To identify FTO-associated genes and their impact on the MM immune microenvironment.

Main Methods:

Machine learning and correlation analyses to identify FTO-associated genes.
Immunohistochemistry to validate gene expression in MM tissues.
Immune infiltration and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the immune microenvironment and cellular expression patterns.

Main Results:

FTO is upregulated in MM and linked to poor prognosis.
Identified CHRM3, GINS3, RRM2, and SHCBP1 as potential FTO-associated genes, with a focus on the FTO-CHRM3 axis.
FTO and CHRM3 are involved in DNA replication and cell cycle; altered M2 macrophage and eosinophil infiltration observed.
scRNA-seq revealed monocyte-specific SLC8A1 expression in the calcium signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

The FTO-CHRM3 axis drives MM progression through calcium signaling pathway dysregulation.
Understanding these mechanisms provides potential targets for MM interventions.