Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the anti-fatigue mechanisms of Shenzhu granules

Shenzhu granules (SG) are composed of five traditional Chinese herbal medicines, all of which are frequently used in different kinds of functional foods. This study systematically evaluates the anti-fatigue effects of SG and explores the underlying mechanisms to support its potential as a functional food. The anti-fatigue effects of SG were assessed through a functional anti-fatigue test and measurement of serum oxidative stress markers. Additionally, multi-omics approaches, including metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics were used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the anti-fatigue effects of SG.

Both the anti-fatigue functional test and oxidative stress marker analysis showed that SG has anti-fatigue effects. Multi-omics analysis revealed that SG reversed the expression of 95 metabolic biomarkers, including 5-hydroxy-6-methoxyindole glucuronide and sphinganine. It also significantly affected the expression of 744 genes, including Map3k8, Grin2b, and Slc25a35, and 137 proteins, including PRKCB, CAMK2G, and PCK1. Integrated multi-omics and Western blot analyses indicated that SG may exert its effects via the PI3K/AKT, AMPK, and calcium signaling pathways. These effects are likely associated with reduced inflammation, enhanced energy metabolism, and inhibition of calcium overload.

This study used multi-omics analyses to investigate the anti-fatigue effects of SG and its potential mechanisms, supporting its application as a functional food. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.