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Disaster recovery efforts must address long-term health impacts, including chronic conditions exacerbated by disasters. Comprehensive support systems and clear definitions for disaster-related sequelae are crucial for survivor care and compensation.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Disaster Medicine
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Disaster countermeasures have reduced direct fatalities.
  • Aging populations and medical advances increase chronic disease prevalence, making individuals vulnerable to indirect disaster health effects.
  • Existing public support systems for disaster health impacts are limited, primarily in Japan and the USA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing need for comprehensive support for survivors of disasters.
  • To emphasize the insufficiency of current systems in addressing long-term medical and social care for indirect health effects.
  • To advocate for the definition of "disaster-related sequelae" and improved support mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of disaster impact on health.
  • Analysis of existing support and compensation schemes.
  • Case examples (Great East Japan earthquake, Nepal earthquake).

Main Results:

  • Increased hospitalizations for stroke, depression, and cognitive decline observed post-disaster.
  • International cases demonstrate the global relevance of post-earthquake health issues, including cancer incidence.
  • Current compensation and support systems are insufficient for long-term care needs.

Conclusions:

  • There is an urgent need to define "disaster-related sequelae" to better understand and address long-term health consequences.
  • Comprehensive medical and social support systems, including compensation, continuity of care, and preventive education, are essential.
  • Global collaboration is needed to develop robust disaster health support frameworks.