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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
Published on: December 15, 2017
[Optimization of microbial production process of γ-polyglutamic acid and research progress in its application in
Yuxin Chen1,2,3,4, Senshen Yu1,2,3,4, Biqiang Chen5
1School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
Abstract:
China's agriculture is progressing towards more intensive, information-driven, smart, and environmentally friendly practices. Consumers are increasingly prioritizing safety, sustainability, and ecological health when selecting agricultural products. Accordingly, the safety, low residue, and environmental friendliness of chemical fertilizers have become crucial. Biostimulants derived from natural fermentation have attracted considerable attention due to their eco-friendly nature, safety, efficacy, and ability to reduce fertilizer application while enhancing efficiency. Among these, γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), a microbially synthesized polyamino acid, is non-toxic, edible, moisturizing, readily chelatable, and highly dispersible. It is extensively used in the medical, food, and agricultural sectors, making it an ideal novel biofertilizer and biostimulant. This review summarizes the latest research on biosynthetic pathways, production conditions, process optimization, and applications of γ-PGA. This review provides an overview and analysis of the fermentation process for γ-PGA production by Bacillus strains, with a focus on optimizing the medium composition. Furthermore, this article discusses various analytical methods for quantifying γ-PGA in agricultural applications and examines its effects on soil improvement, fertilizer efficiency enhancement, and crop growth regulation. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the microbial synthesis of γ-PGA and propose new directions for its development in the field of new fertilizers.
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