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$In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries$

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Interphase Self-Optimization Enables Stable Magnesium Anode in Hydrogel Electrolyte.

Xinyuan Zhang^1,2,3, Hengyue Xu⁴, Heng Jiang³

¹School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|March 24, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel hydrogel electrolyte to stabilize magnesium anodes in aqueous batteries. This innovation prevents corrosion and passivation, enabling stable magnesium plating and stripping for long-term battery performance.

Keywords:

aqueous electrolytes dynamic interface hydrogel electrolytes ion‐conductive interphase magnesium batteries metal anode protection

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An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

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Published on: July 18, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Magnesium (Mg) metal is a cost-effective anode for high-energy aqueous batteries.
Mg anodes suffer from severe corrosion and passivation, limiting their practical application.
Existing strategies to mitigate these issues have limited effectiveness or sacrifice active metal.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a stable and efficient Mg anode for aqueous batteries.
To address the challenges of corrosion and surface passivation in Mg anodes.
To enable long-term cycling stability in Mg-based energy storage systems.

Main Methods:

Formulation of a hydrogel electrolyte containing a tridentate chelant and MgCl2.
Investigation of the anode-electrolyte interface dynamics.
Testing of Mg anode performance in symmetric cells and hybrid cells with different cathodes.

Main Results:

A self-optimized, dynamic, Mg2+-conductive interphase (magnesium oxychloride) was formed on the Mg anode surface.
The hydrogel electrolyte mitigated parasitic reactions and enabled complete conversion of MgO byproduct.
Reversible Mg plating/stripping was achieved for over 600 hours in symmetric cells.
Hybrid cells demonstrated stable cycling for up to 500 cycles with 69% capacity retention.

Conclusions:

The developed hydrogel electrolyte effectively stabilizes the Mg anode by forming a dynamic interphase.
This approach overcomes the limitations of previous strategies for Mg anode protection.
The findings pave the way for high-energy, cost-effective, and stable aqueous magnesium batteries.