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DNA Virus Detection in Olfactory Neuroblastomas Using Targeted Enrichment NGS.

Maria K Jauhiainen1,2,3, Outi I Mielonen2,4, Aaro Haapaniemi1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Neuropathology : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology
|March 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated viruses in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), a rare sinonasal tumor. The findings suggest viruses play a limited role in ONB etiology, with only low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detected in one case.

Keywords:
DNA viruseshuman papillomavirus virusesolfactory esthesioneuroblastomapathologysequence analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sinonasal tract malignancies include rare tumors like olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB).
  • Viral infections, such as high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus, are implicated in other sinonasal cancers.
  • The etiology of ONB remains largely unknown, prompting investigation into potential viral links.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first comprehensive viral analysis of olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB).
  • To investigate the presence of various DNA viruses in ONB tumor samples.
  • To assess the potential role of viral infections in the development of ONB.

Main Methods:

  • Targeted next-generation sequencing was used to screen 12 ONB samples for 41 DNA viruses.
  • Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to further evaluate herpesvirus presence.
  • Human endogenous retroviruses were detected in all samples as a quality control measure.

Main Results:

  • Low-risk HPV6 was detected in one of the 12 ONB samples.
  • No other significant viral DNA, including high-risk HPV or herpesviruses, was found in the ONB cohort.
  • Human endogenous retroviruses confirmed successful sequencing and library preparation.

Conclusions:

  • The study indicates a limited role for abundant viral DNA in the etiology of olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB).
  • The detection of low-risk HPV warrants further investigation due to its association with sinonasal inverted papilloma progression.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the unknown etiology of ONB.