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Forced Migrants' Experiences of Food Insecurity and Health During Transit and First Reception: A Scoping Review.

Laurence Cannings1, Hannah Hall2, Pia Riggirozzi2

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Food insecurity significantly impacts refugees and displaced persons, often worsening health outcomes. More research is needed on gendered impacts and bidirectional relationships between food insecurity and health during migration.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Forced Migration Studies
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • Food insecurity (FI) is a major global health issue, linked to the right to adequate living standards (UN SDG 2).
  • Refugees and displaced migrants face disproportionately high FI due to legal, economic, and social factors.
  • Displaced women experience compounded vulnerabilities, exacerbating FI and health challenges during transit and initial reception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between food insecurity and health among forced migrants during transit and first reception.
  • To identify research gaps concerning FI, health outcomes, and coping mechanisms in displaced populations.
  • To propose a conceptual framework for understanding the bidirectional and gendered dynamics of FI and health.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews.
  • Analysis of 28 studies examining food insecurity, health, and coping strategies in forced migrants.
  • Thematic discussion of findings, including study design, sample characteristics, and geographical location.

Main Results:

  • Forced migrants encounter substantial challenges in food availability, access, utilization, and stability.
  • Coping strategies employed by migrants often lead to adverse health outcomes.
  • Significant research gaps exist in understanding FI and health as co-constructing phenomena, longitudinal impacts, and gendered dimensions.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need to address the complex interplay between food insecurity and health in forced migrant populations.
  • Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, gendered impacts, and the development of integrated frameworks.
  • Policy interventions are required to mitigate food insecurity and improve health outcomes for displaced individuals, particularly women.