Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
11:13

Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Published on: November 21, 2019

10.0K

Hyper-rapid progression in Salmonella-associated mycotic aortic aneurysms: a narrative review

Jernej Lucev1, Vojko Flis2, Ales Slanic1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor Slovenia.

Radiology and Oncology
|March 24, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Salmonella infections can cause rapidly growing mycotic aortic aneurysms (MAAs). Hyper-rapid progression (HRP) on imaging signals the need for urgent intervention, with endovascular repair offering a life-saving option.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Mycotic aortic aneurysms (MAAs) are rare, life-threatening infections with high rupture risk.
  • Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) species target diseased aortas, causing rapid aneurysm growth.
  • Management of Salmonella-associated MAAs is complex, especially with visceral/paravisceral involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on Salmonella-associated MAAs.
  • To introduce hyper-rapid progression (HRP) as an early imaging biomarker for Salmonella MAAs.
  • To discuss management strategies including open surgical repair (OSR) and endovascular aortic repair (EVAR).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing evidence on Salmonella-associated MAAs.
  • Definition and characterization of hyper-rapid progression (HRP) based on imaging criteria.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes for OSR and EVAR in complex cases.

Main Results:

  • Salmonella MAAs exhibit a high-velocity progression phenotype.
  • HRP is defined as progression to pseudoaneurysm within 7 days or rapid enlargement within 72 hours despite antibiotics.
  • Complex EVAR with parallel grafts and optimized radial sealing strategy (ORSS) is a viable alternative to OSR.

Conclusions:

  • HRP acts as a critical "red flag" for immediate mechanical stabilization.
  • While OSR remains the gold standard, EVAR is a life-saving option for high-risk or anatomically complex patients.
  • Prospective validation of HRP and its integration into imaging algorithms are crucial for improving survival rates.
Keywords:
Salmonellaendovascular aortic repairhyper-rapid progressionmycotic aneurysmoptimized radial sealing strategyvisceral aorta

More Related Videos

Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion using Osmotic Pumps Induces Aortic Aneurysms in Mice07:21

Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion using Osmotic Pumps Induces Aortic Aneurysms in Mice

Published on: September 28, 2015

39.8K
Murine Surgical Model of Topical Elastase Induced Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm08:33

Murine Surgical Model of Topical Elastase Induced Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

Published on: August 24, 2019

8.2K

Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
604
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
511
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
1.2K
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
445
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
840