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Factors Influencing the Transition From Physiological Hyperopia to Myopia in Children: Protocol for a Prospective
Huaying Xu1, Jianing Pu2, Shimeng Bian1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tongren Hospital, 2 West Ring South Road, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100730, China.
JMIR Research Protocols
|March 24, 2026
Summary
This study examines how children’s physiological hyperopia changes and its role in preventing myopia. Understanding these factors can improve myopia screening and prevention strategies for children.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Early-onset myopia is a significant public health concern globally.
- High myopia leads to irreversible blindness, particularly in China.
- Physiological hyperopia is a protective factor against myopia development, but its regression dynamics are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate factors influencing physiological hyperopia fading in children.
- To identify key predictors for myopia onset.
- To elucidate the protective mechanisms of physiological hyperopia against myopia.
Main Methods:
- A 3-year prospective nested case-control study following 2109 children aged 6-9 years.
- Annual eye examinations and lifestyle questionnaires.
- Primary outcome: incident myopia; Secondary outcomes: myopia prevalence and ocular biometric changes.
Main Results:
- Recruitment ongoing, with final results anticipated by December 2026.
- This study builds upon a prior cohort of 2109 preschool children.
- Data collection includes annual eye exams and lifestyle questionnaires.
Conclusions:
- The study will analyze dynamic changes in physiological hyperopia and its regression patterns.
- Findings will inform myopia screening, clinical interventions, and public health policies.
- Understanding hyperopia regression is crucial for effective myopia prevention in children.
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