Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 27, 2026
A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol
Published on: January 18, 2018
E-cigarette health warnings and use among U.S. adolescents: Deterrence and cognitive elaboration in a national
Sunday Azagba1, Todd Ebling1, Galappaththige S R de Silva1
1Penn State College of Nursing, 210 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA, USA.
Objectives:
Limited research has investigated the association between e-cigarette health warnings and e-cigarette use behaviors among adolescents. This study examines the relationships between e-cigarette health warnings (deterrence and cognitive elaboration) and e-cigarette use among U.S. adolescents.
Study Design:
Longitudinal study.
Methods:
Data were drawn from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (Waves 5-7), a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of U.S. adolescents aged 12-17 years. Associations between warning-related deterrence (frequency of dissuasion) and cognitive elaboration (extent of thinking about health risks), and past 30-day e-cigarette use (binary) and use frequency (days used in the past 30 days) were estimated using generalized estimating equations with logistic and negative binomial regression models, respectively.
Results:
Among adolescents who had ever used e-cigarettes, 46.1% were current users. Approximately 24.3% reported frequent deterrence from e-cigarette health warnings, while 28.8% reported high levels of cognitive elaboration. Frequent deterrence was associated with substantially lower odds of current e-cigarette use (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.26-0.43) and lower use frequency (IRR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.19-0.33). Higher cognitive elaboration was also associated with lower odds (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.24-0.47) and frequency (IRR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.28-0.48) of e-cigarette use, with evidence of graded associations across levels of cognitive elaboration.
Conclusion:
Deterrence and cognitive elaboration in response to e-cigarette health warnings were inversely associated with e-cigarette use and use frequency. These findings suggest that adolescents' perceptions and cognitive responses to health warnings co-occur with patterns of e-cigarette use.
More Related Videos
08:39Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
Published on: August 25, 2018
10:44Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
Related Concept Videos
01:29Stimulants
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
01:26Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
01:25Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
01:23Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
01:23Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
01:20Lifestyle Factors and Health
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...