Structurally diverse sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Lindera aggregata and their anti-necroptosis activities

Five previously undescribed sesquiterpenoids (1-5) classified into four distinct types of carbon skeletons, and twenty-one known analogues (6-26) were isolated from the roots of Lindera aggregata. Their structures were characterized unambiguously by spectroscopic methods, and the structures of 1-3, 5 and 12 were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Compounds 4 and 18 exhibited inhibitory activity against TSZ-induced necroptosis in HT29 cells. Western blotting experiment showed that 4 inhibited the phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, thereby blocking TSZ-induced necroptosis in vitro.