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In Utero Selection Echoes Across a Lifetime: Evidence From Historical Utah Populations.

Tim A Bruckner1, Jason Bonham2, Ryan Schacht3

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American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
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PubMed
Summary

Males from birth cohorts with fewer males at birth experienced higher mortality rates later in life. This suggests in utero selection impacts long-term survival, affecting both males and females differently.

Keywords:
Utahcohort survivalmalesmortalityolder ageselection in uterosex ratio

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Area of Science:

  • Historical demography
  • Population health
  • Human longevity

Background:

  • Evidence on in utero selective mortality influencing later-life survival is mixed.
  • The sex ratio at birth is a marker for in utero selection against males.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if birth cohorts with high in utero selection exhibit altered older-age survival.
  • To investigate the long-term impact of in utero selection on mortality patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Cox proportional hazards analyses on a large Utah population (n=201,542) born 1850-1920.
  • Used sex ratio at birth as a proxy for in utero selection.
  • Controlled for selective mortality before age 50 and other covariates.

Main Results:

  • Males from less selected cohorts (higher sex ratio at birth) showed increased older-age mortality.
  • Females from highly selected cohorts (lower sex ratio at birth) also exhibited increased older-age mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The sex ratio at birth reflects demographic selection processes.
  • These selection processes have detectable impacts on mortality well into older age.