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Tidal Wetland Soil Carbon Accumulation Rates for Coastal California.

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  • 1Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. HolmquistJ@si.edu.

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|March 25, 2026
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Tidal wetland soils in coastal California store significant carbon. This study quantifies carbon stocks and accumulation rates, providing crucial data for conservation and restoration efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Tidal wetland conservation and restoration policies rely on accurate carbon stock and accumulation rate data.
  • Existing data for California's tidal wetlands are concentrated in the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento Delta, neglecting the outer coastline.
  • Outer coastal regions experience distinct environmental conditions crucial for understanding regional carbon dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify carbon stocks and decadal-to-centennial-scale carbon accumulation rates in California's outer coastal tidal wetlands.
  • To provide a dataset of soil depth profiles to inform conservation and restoration policies.
  • To compare findings with global averages and assess their significance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 83 soil depth profiles from 15 sites, including 58 cores from 12 tidal wetland sites.
  • Measurement of carbon stock and organic matter content in soil samples.
  • Calculation of carbon accumulation rates over decadal-to-centennial timescales.

Main Results:

  • Mean organic matter content was 11%, with stocks ranging from 15.4 to 44.7 kgC m-2 to a depth of 1 meter.
  • Organic matter content exhibited an asymptotic decline with increasing soil depth.
  • Carbon accumulation rates varied from 39.2 to 130.0 gC m-2 yr-1.
  • Calculated carbon stocks and accumulation rates were comparable to global averages.

Conclusions:

  • The collected data are essential for establishing baselines for tidal wetland restoration projects.
  • Findings support greenhouse gas mitigation planning and projections of ecosystem responses to sea-level rise.
  • This dataset fills a critical gap in understanding carbon dynamics in California's underrepresented outer coastal tidal wetlands.