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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Updated: Mar 27, 2026

A Gradient-generating Microfluidic Device for Cell Biology

A Gradient-generating Microfluidic Device for Cell Biology

Published on: August 30, 2007

Microfluidic Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting via Gradient Dielectrophoresis.

Yating Hu^1,2, Junchi Song³, Yuchen Li⁴

¹Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110819, China.

Analytical Chemistry

|March 25, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a compact microfluidic system using gradient dielectrophoresis for cell sorting. This portable device offers gentle, accurate sorting of small samples, enabling on-chip cytometry and point-of-care testing.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Microfluidics
Cell Sorting Technology

Background:

Conventional fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) systems are costly and require large sample volumes.
There is a need for portable, low-volume cell sorting solutions for advanced applications.
Microfluidic devices offer potential for miniaturized and efficient cell manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a compact, integrated microfluidic system for cell sorting.
To utilize gradient dielectrophoresis (gDEP) for precise cell manipulation on-chip.
To demonstrate the system's capability for sorting fluorescent particles and cancer cells.

Main Methods:

Integration of inertial self-ordering, laser-induced fluorescence detection, and programmable cell deflection on a single chip.
Utilizing asymmetric curved microchannels for uniform single-cell distribution.
Employing curved gradient electrodes with intermittent sinusoidal signals for controlled cell sorting and prevention of electrode adhesion.

Main Results:

Efficient screening of fluorescent microspheres.
High-viability isolation of human cancer cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP).
Demonstration of a portable system for gentle and accurate sorting of small sample volumes.

Conclusions:

The developed gradient dielectrophoresis microfluidic fluorescence-activated cell sorting (gDEP-μFACS) system is a compact and efficient alternative to conventional FACS.
The portable design facilitates on-chip cytometry and point-of-care testing applications.
The system achieves high cell viability and sorting accuracy for various biological samples.