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Adverse drug reactions among children with tuberculosis in China: a multicentre study, 2017-2022

Yiqing Zhou1, Yu Kan2, Ping Liu3

  • 1School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.

Annals of Medicine
|March 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common in children undergoing tuberculosis (TB) treatment in China, mainly affecting the blood and gastrointestinal systems. Severe TB and specific drug regimens increase the risk, requiring careful monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is effective but can cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs).
  • Understanding ADRs in pediatric TB patients is crucial for optimizing treatment.
  • Data on ADRs in Chinese children with TB is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence, frequency, and risk factors of ADRs in children receiving anti-TB treatment in China.
  • To identify specific patient groups at higher risk for ADRs.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter study involving 11 hospitals in China.
  • Data collected from 482 pediatric TB patients.
  • Multivariable logistic regression used to identify factors associated with ADRs.

Main Results:

  • 19% of pediatric TB patients experienced ADRs.
  • Most common ADRs included blood system damage (24%) and gastrointestinal reactions (24%).
  • Severe TB and use of HRZ(E) + second-line drugs increased the odds of ADRs (OR=2.44 and OR=3.70, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • ADRs are prevalent in Chinese pediatric TB patients, primarily affecting the hematological and gastrointestinal systems.
  • ADRs are often transient and occur during the intensive treatment phase.
  • Severe disease and combination drug regimens necessitate targeted surveillance and optimized pediatric TB therapies.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChinaTuberculosisadverse drug reactionschildrenmulticentre

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